used to perform arithmetic operations in shell scripts.
Synatax: $ expr op1 operator op2
eg:
$ expr 1 + 3
$ expr 2 – 1
$ expr 10 / 2
$ expr 20 % 3
$ expr 10 * 3
$ echo `expr 6 + 3`
in the last one we used back quote (` the one below the tilde symbol in standard keyboards).
if we use the back quote the last eg’s output may differ.